Writing effective functional test cases for Salesforce requires a structured approach that provides clear guidance for testers to follow. Here are best practices that will help you create high-quality test cases for your Salesforce solutions:
Define Clear Objectives and Scope
- Begin with a description of what the test case is meant to achieve and any prerequisites or assumptions.
- Clarify the user story or requirement that the test case addresses.
Use a Consistent Template
- A standard format helps maintain clarity and consistency. Typical fields in a test case include:some text
- Test Case ID
- Title
- Description
- Prerequisites
- Steps
- Expected Results
- Actual Results
- Status (Pass/Fail)
Write Step-by-Step Instructions
- Break down each action into simple, clear steps that anyone can follow, even without in-depth Salesforce knowledge.
- Number each step for easy reference and focus on single actions per step to avoid confusion.
Specify Expected Results Precisely
- After each action step, specify the exact expected outcome, such as specific data displayed, buttons enabled, or emails triggered.
- Keep the expected results consistent with the requirements to ensure testers know exactly what "Pass" or "Fail" means.
Use Realistic Data Scenarios
- Define test data that reflects real-world scenarios, using records similar to what users would interact with in production.
- Clearly document test data in a shared repository or within the test case itself.
Test Positive and Negative Scenarios
- Include both “happy path” scenarios (expected usage) and edge cases (e.g., invalid inputs, limits, or constraints).
- This ensures that the solution is robust and can handle a variety of user inputs and interactions.
Reference Validation Rules, Workflows, and Custom Logic
- If the test case involves custom validations, workflows, triggers, or Lightning flows, reference them within the test steps.
- Test that these elements behave as expected to ensure end-to-end functionality.
Include Assertions for Automation
- If test cases will be automated, include assertions for validations within each step to confirm that the script can reliably test outcomes.
- For example, confirm fields have specific values or that certain buttons are enabled/disabled.
Provide Traceability
- Link each test case to specific requirements, user stories, or acceptance criteria. This makes it easy to track coverage and ensures each requirement is tested.
Review and Update Regularly
- Test cases should be reviewed by another team member and updated with any configuration changes, new functionality, or findings from previous testing cycles.
Consider Test Case Reusability
- Design cases so they can be reused across different environments or after Salesforce updates, reducing maintenance effort.
Following these practices will help testers accurately and efficiently validate your Salesforce solutions, ensuring they meet business needs and function as expected.
